CAS number：67-63-0
molecular formula：C3H8O
molecular weight：60.1
EINECS number：200-661-7

English synonyms

Isopropanol, pure, 99.5+%;Isopropanol, residue free, for electronic use, 99.8%;Isopropanol, water <50 ppm, extra dry over mol. sieve, 99.5%;Isopropanol, water <50 ppm, extra dry, 99.8%;2-PROPANOL (IPA);Isopropanol, conform to ACS, for spectroscopy, 99.5%;Isopropanol, DNAse, RNAse and Protease free, for molecular biology, 99.5%;Isopropanol, for analysis ACS, 99.6%

Related categories

Ultradry Solvents; Inorganic Compounds and Salts; Proteomics; Diagnostic Reagents; Genomics and Molecular Diagnostics; Solvents; Food Additives; Pesticide Intermediates; Biocide Intermediates; Alcohols; Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs); Agriculture and the Environment Standards; Gas Chromatography Standards (Color Codes); Organic Raw Materials; Aviation Chemicals - Cleaning Agents

Introduction

Isopropanol, also known as fire wine, dimethyl methanol, 2-propanol, English: isopropylalcohol, the simplest secondary alcohol, and one of the isomers of n-propanol. A colorless, flammable liquid with a strong odor, resembling a mixture of ethanol and acetone, but not very odorous. Soluble in most organic solvents such as water, alcohol, ether, benzene, chloroform, etc., miscible with water, alcohol and ether, and can form azeotrope with water. Density (specific gravity): 0.7863g/cm3, melting point: -88.5℃, boiling point: 82.5℃, flash point: 11.7℃, auto-ignition point: 460℃, refractive index: 1.3772. Its vapors are mildly irritating to the eyes, nose and throat; absorbed through the skin. Its vapor and air can form explosive mixtures. The explosion limit is 2.0%~12% (volume). Belongs to a medium explosion hazard. It is a flammable and low-toxic substance. The toxicity of vapor is twice that of ethanol, and the toxicity when taken orally is the opposite.

Chemical properties

Colorless transparent flammable liquid with ethanol-like odor. Miscible with water, ethanol, ether and chloroform. 

Use

●  Used as experimental chemical reagents and chromatographic analysis reagents

●  Extraction solvent, carrier solvent. GB 2760-1996: Temporarily permitted food spices. It is used in the processing of beet sugar, candy, nutritional supplement tablets, hop extract, lemon oil, spice oleoresin, yeast, etc.

●  It has a wide range of uses as organic raw materials and solvents. As chemical raw materials, it can produce acetone, hydrogen peroxide, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, isopropylamine, isopropyl ether, isopropyl alcohol ether, isopropyl chloride, as well as fatty acid isopropyl ester and chlorine Substitute fatty acid isopropyl ester, etc. In fine chemicals, it can be used to produce isopropyl nitrate, isopropyl xanthate, triisopropyl phosphite, aluminum triisopropoxide, as well as medicines and pesticides. As a solvent, it can be used to produce coatings, inks, extractants, aerosols, etc. It can also be used as antifreeze, detergent, additive for blending gasoline, dispersant for pigment production, fixative for printing and dyeing industry, antifogging agent for glass and transparent plastics, etc.

●  Isopropyl alcohol is an important intermediate in the production of pesticides. It can produce fungicides such as rice blast spirit, isobath net, etc., insecticides and acaricides amprophos, ammonium thiophos, methyl isoflophos, propoxur, fenvalerate Pyrethroids, etc., as well as the herbicide metolachlor, can prepare bromoisopropane and chloroisopropane, and are also important intermediates for pesticides.

●  Mainly used in pharmaceuticals, also used as solvent, extractant, antifreeze, etc.

●  Uses: used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, plastics, fragrances, coatings, etc.

●  Solvent for creosote, shellac, resin, gum, nitrocellulose. Esterification analysis determines the solvent of vegetable oils. Determination of barium, calcium, copper, magnesium, nickel, potassium, sodium and strontium. Extraction and separation of rare earth metals. Extract alkaloids. Pesticide analysis. Organic Synthesis. Antifreeze components.

●  Solvent for creosote, shellac, resin, gum, nitrocellulose. Esterification analysis to determine the solvent of vegetable oil, determination of barium, calcium, copper, magnesium, nickel, potassium, sodium and strontium. Determination of potassium content in soil and plants by sodium cobalt nitrite-isopropanol method, extraction of alkaloids, pesticide analysis, etc. Organic Synthesis. Antifreeze combination. for precipitation of DNA.

Production method

●  The preparation method uses propylene as a raw material, uses diatomite phosphate as a catalyst, and directly hydrates isopropanol under pressure. The process is to pressurize propylene and water to 2.03 MPa, respectively, and preheat to 200 °C. After mixing, they enter the reactor to carry out hydration reaction. The reactor is equipped with a phosphate diatomite catalyst. MPa, the molar ratio of water to propylene is 0.7:1, the conversion rate of propylene is 5.2%, and the selectivity is 99%. After neutralization and heat exchange, the reaction gas is sent to the high-pressure cooler and high-pressure separator. The alcohol is recovered by spraying without salt water in the recovery tower, and the unreacted gas is recycled by the circulating compressor. The liquid phase is low-concentration isopropanol (15%-17%). The propanol aqueous solution is rectified to 95% with a rectifying tower, and then extracted to more than 99% with benzene. This method is the main method for producing isopropanol at home and abroad.
The method does not use sulfuric acid, there is no corrosion problem, and the process flow is relatively simple.
There is also a sulfuric acid hydration method, that is, using propylene containing more than 50% as raw material, absorbing 75%-85% concentrated sulfuric acid in an absorption tower at 50 ° C and low pressure, and diluting the absorption liquid to a sulfuric acid content of 35%, It is hydrolyzed to isopropanol with low pressure steam in the desorber. In the method, the conversion rate of propylene can reach more than 90%, and the obtained crude isopropyl alcohol contains isopropyl alcohol as high as 50% to 60%. This method uses sulfuric acid, which is highly corrosive to equipment. In addition, dilute sulfuric acid should be concentrated and applied.
CH3CH=CH2+H2SO4→(CH3)2CHOSO3H[H2O]→(CH3)2CHOH+H2SO4

●  2-Propanol can be produced by fermentation, and it takes 16t of grain to produce 1t of 2-propanol. In industry, the propylene hydration method was adopted, and the sulfuric acid hydration method (also known as the indirect hydration method) was adopted earlier; in 1951, the British Bonemen Chemical Industry Company began to use the propylene direct hydration method to produce 2-propanol. 1. Indirect hydration method Propylene reacts with sulfuric acid to obtain isopropyl hydrogen sulfate, which is hydrolyzed to isopropanol. 2. Direct hydration method Propylene and water are heated and pressurized in the presence of catalyst to carry out hydration reaction.

●  Propylene is absorbed by sulfuric acid, then hydrolyzed and rectified to obtain pure product.