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Polyacrylonitrile (Polyacrylonitrile) is an important linear thermoplastic synthetic polymer, mainly produced by the addition polymerization of acrylonitrile monomers. Its homopolymers exhibit excellent resistance to sunlight and atmospheric conditions, but suffer from poor dyeability and elasticity. Therefore, industrially, polyacrylonitrile copolymers containing small amounts of other monomers (such as methyl acrylate and itaconic acid) are commonly used to improve their spinnability and dye affinity. It is a core raw material for manufacturing acrylic fibers, accounting for over 90%, and is also an indispensable high-quality precursor material for the production of high-performance carbon fibers.
The following table lists the typical specifications of our Polyacrylonitrile products. Customized copolymer compositions and molecular weights are available.
| Property | Specification (Typical) | Test Method / Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Product Name | Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) | - |
| CAS No. | 25014-41-9 | - |
| Appearance | White to light yellow powder or granules | Visual |
| Acrylonitrile Content (%) | ≥ 94 (Can be adjusted for copolymer) | FTIR / Titration |
| Molecular Weight (Mw) | 50,000 - 150,000 (Customizable) | GPC |
| Residual Monomer (%) | ≤ 0.1 | GC |
| Primary Application | Precursor for acrylic fiber, Precursor for carbon fiber | - |
Premium Fiber Precursor: Its well-defined polymer chain structure and excellent spinnability make it a reliable raw material for producing high-strength, high-abrasion-resistant, and weather-resistant acrylic synthetic fibers.
Ideal Starting Point for Carbon Fiber: With a high carbon yield, its molecular structure forms an ideal ladder-like structure during pre-oxidation and carbonization, making it the recognized best precursor for manufacturing aerospace-grade high-performance carbon fibers.
Customizable Polymer Structure: Homopolymers with different molecular weight ranges are available, or the type and ratio of comonomers can be adjusted according to customer needs to optimize the stability of subsequent fiber production processes or pre-oxidation processes.
High Batch Consistency: Strictly controlled polymerization processes ensure high consistency in viscosity, molecular weight distribution, and copolymer composition, guaranteeing stable and efficient downstream production.
The applications of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) are highly concentrated in the high-tech fiber field:
Synthetic Fiber Manufacturing: As a primary raw material, acrylic fibers are produced through wet or dry spinning processes. These fibers have properties similar to wool and are widely used in textiles, blankets, outdoor clothing, and industrial fabrics.
Carbon Fiber Production: This is a high-value application area for PAN. PAN-based carbon fiber precursors undergo a series of processes including precise pre-oxidation, low-temperature carbonization, and high-temperature graphitization to transform them into high-strength, high-modulus carbon fibers, ultimately used in high-end composite materials such as aerospace, automotive lightweighting, sporting goods, and wind turbine blades.
Other Specialty Applications: These include the preparation of hollow fiber separation membranes, polymer additives, and certain high-temperature resistant materials.
We provide complete quality and safety documentation for each batch of polyacrylonitrile products to ensure they meet stringent industrial application standards, including Material Safety Data Sheets, detailed technical data sheets, and analytical certificates specifying measured values of key parameters.
What are the differences between PAN used for producing carbon fiber and PAN used for producing acrylic fiber?
The two differ significantly in their molecular structure requirements. PAN used for carbon fiber precursors is typically a specific copolymer with extremely strict control over monomer purity, molecular weight and its distribution, comonomer content, and sequence structure, requiring minimal defects in the precursor fiber to improve the final carbon fiber performance. Acrylic fiber PAN, on the other hand, focuses more on spinnability, dyeability, and production cost.
What are the key polymer parameters affecting the performance of PAN-based carbon fibers?
Molecular weight and its distribution, as well as the type and content of comonomers, are the core parameters. They directly affect the spinnability and mechanical strength of the precursor fiber, as well as the cyclization reaction behavior and heat release during the pre-oxidation process, ultimately determining the strength and modulus of the carbon fiber.
How should polyacrylonitrile raw materials be stored?
Polyacrylonitrile is thermoplastic and should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources. Avoid direct sunlight and humid environments to prevent polymer agglomeration or performance changes.
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