Product Overview
Tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) , also known as 2,4-Toluene Diisocyanate or 4-Methyl-m-phenylene diisocyanate, is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a sweet, fruity, pungent odor. It is an aromatic diisocyanate and one of the most important raw materials in the polyurethane industry. TDI is highly reactive and moisture-sensitive, reacting with water to release carbon dioxide, which can cause dangerous pressure buildup in sealed containers. It is commercially available both as pure 2,4-TDI and as a mixture of 2,4- and 2,6-isomers (commonly TDI-80/20 and TDI-65/35).
Quick Details
| Property | Details |
|---|
| Product Name | Tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate |
| Synonyms | 2,4-TDI; 2,4-Toluene diisocyanate; 4-Methyl-m-phenylene diisocyanate; 4-Methyl-1,3-phenylene diisocyanate; Desmodur T80; Hylene T; Mondur TD |
| CAS Number | 584-84-9 |
| EINECS/EC Number | 209-544-5 |
| Molecular Formula | C₉H₆N₂O₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 174.16 g/mol |
| HS Code | 2929.10 |
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow liquid or solid |
| Odor | Sweet, fruity, pungent odor |
| UN Number | UN 2078 |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 – Toxic Substances |
| Packing Group | II |
Specifications
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|
| Purity (Assay) | ≥ 99.5 wt.% |
| Appearance | Colorless or pale yellow liquid, free from suspended matter |
| 2,4-Isomer Content | 79.5 – 81.5 wt.% (for TDI-80 grade) |
| Hydrolyzable Chloride | ≤ 100 mg/kg |
| Acidity (as HCl) | ≤ 40 mg/kg |
| Color (Pt-Co) | ≤ 40 |
| Density (25°C) | 1.22 g/mL |
| Boiling Point | 251°C (at 760 mmHg) |
| Melting Point | 20.5°C (pure 2,4-isomer); 13°C (80:20 mixture) |
| Flash Point | 127°C (closed cup) |
| Vapor Pressure | < 0.01 mmHg at 20°C |
| Solubility | Soluble in most organic solvents (esters, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons); reacts with water and alcohols |
| Water Content | ≤ 0.05% |
Note: Specifications vary by grade (TDI-80, TDI-65, pure 2,4-TDI). Custom specifications available upon request. Please contact us for the latest Certificate of Analysis (COA) and Technical Data Sheet (TDS).
Applications
| Application Area | Description |
|---|
| Flexible Polyurethane Foam | Primary end use. TDI is the dominant isocyanate for producing flexible slabstock and molded foams used in mattresses, furniture cushioning, and automotive seating |
| Polyurethane Coatings | Used in wood finishes, floor coatings, lacquers, and concrete sealers for aircraft and tank trucks |
| Elastomers | Used in the production of polyurethane elastomers for clay pipe seals, rollers, and industrial parts |
| Adhesives & Sealants | Used in the formulation of high-performance polyurethane adhesives and sealants |
| Insulation Materials | Used in the manufacture of foam-coated fabrics and insulation materials |
| Crosslinking Agent | Used as a crosslinking agent for nylon and other polymers |
Packaging
| Packaging Type | Details |
|---|
| Steel Drum | 250 kg net weight, nitrogen-blanketed, tightly sealed |
| IBC | 1,000 kg / 1,200 kg, with nitrogen blanketing and moisture protection |
| ISO Tank | Bulk liquid transportation for large-volume orders |
| Small Packaging | Available in 1 g, 10 g, 100 g, and 1 kg bottles for laboratory use |
| Custom Packaging | Available upon request |
Note: TDI must be stored and shipped under dry nitrogen or dry air blanket to prevent moisture contact. Containers must be kept tightly closed at all times.
Storage & Handling
| Condition | Requirement |
|---|
| Storage Temperature | 18 – 40°C (recommended); crystallization occurs below 15°C |
| Crystallization & Melting | If crystallized, carefully melt at temperatures not exceeding 50°C. Contact surface temperature must not exceed 80°C. Homogenize after melting to restore uniform isomer distribution |
| Moisture Protection | Protect against moisture, heat, and foreign objects. Reacts with water to release CO₂, causing dangerous pressure buildup |
| Blanketing | Cover with dry nitrogen for long-term storage |
| Container | Store in original sealed containers. Opened containers must be resealed immediately |
| Incompatibles | Avoid contact with water, amines, alcohols, bases, strong oxidizers, and acids |
| Shelf Life | 12 months from date of shipment under recommended storage conditions |
Safety & Regulatory
| Hazard Statement | Description |
|---|
| Signal Word | Danger |
| H315 | Causes skin irritation |
| H317 | May cause an allergic skin reaction |
| H319 | Causes serious eye irritation |
| H330 | Fatal if inhaled |
| H334 | May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled |
| H335 | May cause respiratory irritation |
| H351 | Suspected of causing cancer |
| H412 | Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects |
Personal Protection
Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection, and face protection
Use respiratory protection (NIOSH-approved respirator with organic vapor cartridge)
Use only in a well-ventilated area or with local exhaust ventilation
Avoid breathing vapors. Wash skin thoroughly after handling
First Aid Measures
If inhaled: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. Call a POISON CENTER or doctor if you feel unwell
If on skin: Wash with plenty of soap and water. Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse
If in eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing
If swallowed: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Call a POISON CENTER or doctor
Regulatory Notes
REACH: TDI is listed in Annex XVII of REACH Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006. All customers must complete a declaration before delivery
NFPA 704: Health = 3, Flammability = 1, Instability = 2
Transport: UN 2078, Hazard Class 6.1, Packing Group II
Deshang Chemical Team
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For inquiries, quotations, or technical documents (TDS/MSDS/COA), please contact us directly.
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